Investigations of real-time brain activations during walking have become increasingly important to aid in recovery of walking after a stroke. Individual brain activation patterns can be a valuable biomarker of neuroplasticity during the rehabilitation process and can result in improved personalized medicine for rehabilitation. The purpose of this system‑ atic review is to explore the brain activation characteristics during walking post-stroke by determining: (1) if diferent components of gait (i.e., initiation/acceleration, steady-state, complex) result in diferent brain activations, (2) whether brain activations difer from healthy individuals. Six databases were searched resulting in 22 studies. Initiation/accel‑ eration showed bilateral activation in frontal areas; steady-state and complex walking showed broad activations with the majority exploring and fnding increases in frontal regions and some studies also showing increases in parietal activation. Asymmetrical activations were often related to performance asymmetry and were more common in stud‑ ies with slower gait speed. Hyperactivations and asymmetrical activations commonly decreased with walking inter‑ ventions and as walking performance improved. Hyperactivations often persisted in individuals who had experienced severe strokes. Only a third of the studies included comparisons to a healthy group: individuals post-stroke employed greater brain activation compared to young adults, while comparisons to older adults were less clear and limited. Cur‑ rent literature suggests some indicators of walking recovery however future studies investigating more brain regions and comparisons with healthy age-matched adults are needed to further understand the efect of stroke on walkingrelated brain activation.