PURPOSE: To use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. DATA SOURCES: Studies were retrieved from computer searches (MEDLINE, Current Contents) as well as cross-referencing from the bibliographies of retr...

This practice guideline seeks to provide guidance to psychiatrists who regularly evaluate and manage patients with medical illnesses. The guideline is intended to delineate the knowledge base, professional expertise, and integrated clinical approach necessary was drafted by a work group consistin...

Dietary protein restriction has been reported to delay the need for renal replacement therapy in clinical trials and meta-analyses. However, less clear is what effect dietary protein has on the rate of decline in renal function. We pooled the results of 13 randomized controlled trials (n = 1,919 ...

Objectives: A meta analysis of the literature on treatment approaches to malnutrition in cystic fibrosis (CF) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of oral supplementation, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, and behavioral intervention on weight gain before and after treatment. Stu...

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the effects of school-based interventions on heart healthy eating behaviors of fourth and fifth grade students. The overall effect size (d value) across 12 studies was .24. The 95% confidence interval ranged from .174 to .301. It can be concluded ...

A systematic literature search/review was undertaken of brief early psychological interventions following trauma. Only six randomized controlled trials were found, and none of these included group interventions. Of the six trials, two studies associated the intervention with a positive outcome, t...

Anger has come to be recognized as a significant social problem worthy of clinical attention and systematic research. In the last two decades ‚ cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has emerged as the most common approach to anger management. The overall efficacy of this treatment has not been as...

Published reports of 30 separate sets of analyses from 29 observational studies relating dietary intake of magnesium to blood pressure (BP) were identified through a comprehensive search using MEDLINE and BIDS-EMBASE. Three studies were prospective, 24 cross-sectional (25 reports), of which four ...

Utilization of psychiatric services by depressed elderly is low compared to younger adults. Outreach programmes in which treatment is actively offered to depressed elderly in the community can be used to improve access of these elderly to mental health care. In this study a meta-analysis is carri...

The benefit of nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia in old age is investigated. A total of 13 single-outcome studies involving 388 patients (mean age exceeding 60 years, minimum age in sample, 50 years) were included in a meta-analysis of treatment efficacy. This analysis demonstrated th...