Abstract: We conducted a systematic review of all studies published between 1950 and 2007 of associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the risks in adults of non-accidental mortality and the incidence and mortalify from cancer and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases...

Purpose An emerging body of evidence has shown the therapeutic effect of both mindful and non-mindful physical exercises on the treatment of depression. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of mindful and non-mindful physical exercises as an intervention in managing depressi...

Purpose To compare the ability of alternative measures of physical activity and fitness to quantify associations with health outcomes. Methods Associations between a range of subjective and objective physical activity and fitness measures and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using ...

Objective: To evaluate the literature on the effectiveness of aquatic exercise in relieving pain in adults with neurologic or musculoskeletal disease. Data sources: A systematic literature search of 14 databases was examined for research on aquatic exercise over the period January 1980 to June...

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Background: Over the past several decades, numerous large cohort studies have attempted to quantify the protective effect of physical activity on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The aim of the authors' review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the study results. Methods: In a sys...

A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effects of exercise on anxiety. Because previous meta-analyses in the area included studies of varying quality, only randomized, controlled trials were included in the present analysis. Results from 49 studies show an overall effect size of -0.48, indi...

The authors used the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in children and adolescents. Thirteen non-HDL-C outcomes in 404 males and females (221 exercise, 183 control) were available for pooling. Random-effects m...

Purpose: To determine if Tai Chi exercise is effective in improving aerobic capacity. Methods: A computerized search of seven databases was conducted using the mesh term 'Tai Ji', published between January 1, 2000, and June 1, 2007, in order to update a previous meta-analysis examining the eff...

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting the physical, psychological, social, and functional status of individuals. Exercise programs may be an effective strategy to delay or reverse functional decline for people with PD and a large body of empirical eviden...