The authors used the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in children and adolescents. Thirteen non-HDL-C outcomes in 404 males and females (221 exercise, 183 control) were available for pooling. Random-effects modeling yielded a non-statistically significant exercise minus control group reduction of 0.61% in non-HDL-C (X̄ ± SEM, −0.7 ± 2.4 mg/dl, 95% CI, −5.4 to 5.0 mg/dl). A statistically significant decrease of 7% was found for percent body fat (X̄ ± SEM, −2.1 + 0.5%, 95% CI, −3.0 to −1.2%) as well as an 8% increase in aerobic capacity (X̄ ± SEM, 3.4 ± 1.0 ml·kg−1·min−1, 95% CI, 1.4 to 5.3 ml·kg−1·min−1), both secondary outcomes of the study. It was concluded that aerobic exercise does not reduce non-HDL-C but does improve percent body fat and aerobic capacity in children and adolescents. However, a need exists for additional studies on this topic.