无

肿瘤患者的营养支持已成为肿瘤多学科综合治疗的重要组成部分。合理、有效地提供营养支持对改善肿瘤患者的预后及生活质量具有积极作用。中华医学会肠外肠内营养学分会组织专家,按照当今国际上指南制定的标准流程,系统回顾近年来国内外发表的相关文献,参考各国和国际性营养学会的相关指南,综合我国专家意见和临床经验,并广泛征求本学会委员及相关专业人士的意见,多次组织讨论和修改,最终形成本指南。本指南首先系统阐述了肿瘤患者的机体代谢特点及营养需求,然后提出了肿瘤临床营养实践中常见的13个问题,给出了33条推荐意见,并进行了系统论述。本指南有助于规范肿瘤临床营养实践,为肿瘤患者提供合理、有效的营养支持,改善患者...

The association between the particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 (PM2.5 ) and daily respiratory deaths, particularly the concentration-response pattern, has not been fully examined and established in China. We conducted a systematic review of time-series studies to compile informatio...

Air pollutant levels in many Chinese cities remained significantly higher than the upper limits stated in World Health Organization guidelines. In light of limited evidence in China, we conducted a meta-analysis summarizing the association between acute exposure of air pollution and cardiovasc...

Ambient air pollution has been associated with respiratory diseases in children. However, its effects on pediatric pneumonia have not been meta-analyzed. We conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis of the short-term association between ambient air pollution and hospitalization of children d...

Background:Several observational studies have suggested that outdoor air pollution may induce or aggravate asthma. However, epidemiological results are inconclusive due to the presence of numerous moderators which influence this association. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship b...

A systematic literature review was performed to identify all peer-reviewed literature quantifying the association between short-term exposures of particulate matter <2.5 microns (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and COPD-related emergency department (ED) visits, hospital a...

We conducted a meta-analysis to examinine the relationship between exposure to PM2.5 and lung cancer incidence and mortality. In total, 17 studies met our inclusion criteria and provided information necessary to estimate the change in lung cancer risk per 10 μg/m3 increase in exposure to PM2.5. T...

Background Most prospective studies on the health effects of particulate ambient air pollution exposure have focused on high-income countries, which have much lower pollutant concentrations than low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and different sources of pollution. We aimed to inves...

Background: The link between PM2.5exposure and adverse health outcomes is well documented from studies across the world. However, the reported effect estimates vary across studies, locations and constituents. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on associations between short-term exposure to PM2.5...