Objective: To investigate the efficacy of yoga as antihypertensive lifestyle therapy and identify mod-erators that account for variability in the blood pressure (BP) response to yoga.Methods: We systematically searched 6 electronic databases from inception through June 4, 2018, forarticles published in English language journals on trials of yoga interventions that involved adultparticipants, reported preintervention and postintervention BP, and had a nonexercise/nondiet controlgroup. Our search yielded 49 qualifying controlled trials (56 interventions). We (1) evaluated the riskof bias and methodological study quality, (2) performed meta-regression analysis following random-effects assumptions, and (3) generated additive models that represented the largest possible clinicallyrelevant BP reductions.Results: On average, the 3517 trial participants were middle-aged (49.219.5 years), overweight(27.93.6 kg/m2) adults with high BP (systolic BP, 129.313.3 mm Hg; diastolic BP, 80.78.4 mm Hg).Yoga was practiced 4.83.4 sessions per week for 59.225.0 minutes per session for 13.27.5 weeks. Onaverage, yoga elicited moderate reductions in systolic BP (weighted mean effect size, 0.47; 95% CI,0.62-0.32, 5.0 mm Hg) and diastolic BP (weighted mean effect size, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.32;3.9 mm Hg) compared with controls (P<.001 for both systolic BP and diastolic BP). Controlling forpublication bias and methodological study quality, when yoga was practiced 3 sessions per week amongsamples with hypertension, yoga interventions that included breathing techniques and meditation/mentalrelaxation elicited BP reductions of 11/6 mm Hg compared with those that did not (ie, 6/3 mm Hg).Conclusion: Our results indicate that yoga is a viable antihypertensive lifestyle therapy that producesthe greatest BP benefits when breathing techniques and meditation/mental relaxation are included.