Abstract Objective：To evaluate the effect of 9 non ‐pharmaceutical interventions on preoperative anxiety of surgical children by using Bayesian network Meta ‐ analysis. Methods：The PubMed，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，EMbase，China Biomedical Literature Abstract Objective：To evaluate the effect of 9 non ‐pharmaceutical interventions on preoperative anxiety of surgical children by using Bayesian network Meta ‐ analysis. Methods：The PubMed，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，EMbase，China Biomedical Literature retrieval period was from the beginning of the establishment of the database to January 31 , 2021. Two researchers independently carried outiterature screning and data extraction. Winbugs. Stata software were used for data analysis. Results:A total of 44 randomized controledtrials were included,including 9 non pharmacological intervention methods, with a total of 4405 children, and the quality of the includedstudies was grade A or B. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that , compared with conventional nursing , interest induction.therapeutic games and distraction had statistically signilicant differences in the ellect of preoperative anxiety intervention in chidrenundergoing surgery( P<0.05); Among the nine non-drug therapies included , there was a statistically significant difference in interestinduction compared with clown therapy, virtual reality technology(VR) , and music therapy( P<0.05) , while there was no statisticallsignificant diference in other interventions( P>0. 05), The SUCRA ranking probablity chart showed that interest induction was the besntervention method for preoperative anxiety in children, with a probablity of 94.2% , followed by therapeutic games 73. 1% and distraction64,1%.Conclusion:Combining the results of mesh Meta-analvsis and the SUCRA probability ranking ,it is recommended that interestinduction is a non pharmacological intervention to relieve preoperative anxiety in children , followed by therapeutic games or distraction.