Objectives: Sarcopenia describes a progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. It's a complex medical condition that leads to loss of independence, high risk of falls, decreased quality of life, increased expenses in health and increased morbility. We aimed verify the resistance muscle training effect in Lean Body Mass (LBM) or Tight Lean Mass (TLM) in ageing adults. Methods: PEDro, PubMed and CochRane Library were searched (January 2005-May 2015), using predefined research terms, Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), with a study population aged 65 and up, that went through a resistance muscle training (RMT) based intervention, with assessment of body composition by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry or Computed Tomography Scan technology, were analyzed. The internal validity of each article was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: From a total of 125 studies, five RCTs met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a score of 5/10 on the PEDro scale. Main results show that both, high intensity or low intensity resistance training, increased Muscle Quality Index, Cross Sectional Area, strength of the quadriceps, TLM/LBM and functionality (gait speed, time sit-to-stand and Timed up & Go). Even on the detraining period, there were no significant losses of the above mentioned. Conclusions: RMT has shown increase LBM or TLM and that could contribute to sarcopenia prevention leading to a better functional capacity and reduced risk of falls, which could increase quality of life in older adults.