alendronic acid bisphosphonic acid derivative calcitonin calcium clodronic acid denosumab estrogen derivative etidronic acid sodium fluoride ibandronic acid pamidronic acid parathyroid gland hormone parathyroid hormone[1-34] placebo raloxifene risedronic acid tiludronic acid vitamin D zoledronic acid abdominal pain aerobic exercise bone density clinical evaluation Cochrane Library colitis Crohn disease diarrhea drug efficacy drug safety Embase gastrointestinal symptom hormone substitution human indeterminate colitis lumbar spine medical information system Medline meta analysis nausea osteopenia osteoporosis outcome assessment quality control randomized controlled trial (topic) review single drug dose spine fracture systematic review ulcerative colitis unspecified side effect Inflammatory Bowel Diseases