Purpose: To assess the efficacy of resistance training on fatigue and quality (QOL) of life in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Relevance: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological disorder affecting young adults in Scotland. The hallmark of the disease is its unpredictable nature. Of the common signs and symptoms of MS, 86% of the people with MS report fatigue as the most disabling symptom responsible for a poor QoL. Participants: Controlled (randomized and non-randomized) and other than controlled studies addressing resistance training alone or along with other form of exercise therapy for adults with MS, not presently experiencing an exacerbation; primary outcomes that included fatigue and or quality of life or both were eligible for inclusion. Studies were excluded if the study was not an intervention, a theoretical article, a case study or if it was a pharmacological intervention and if the full text not available in English language. Methods: Relevant literature was identified and reviewed following a comprehensive review of research studies that focused on resistance training interventions with fatigue and QoL as an outcome measure domain for people with MS. A search strategy of eight computerised databases (Cochrane, Pubmed, Cinahl Plus, Pre-Cinahl, Medline, PEDro, Scopus and Web of Science) for all dates till November 2008 were undertaken using a combination of the following terms: multiple sclerosis, degenerative disorder, fatigue, quality of life, resistance training, strength training, progressive resistance training, physical rehabilitation and exercise therapy. Analysis: Data were extracted independently for each of the included trials. Their methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro rating scale and a qualitative analysis of the included studies was carried out. Results: The literature search and reference section review yielded an initial list of 252 citations. Eight articles met the inclusion criteria for the final review. The eight studies involved 270 (187 females and 83 males) people in total. The included studies were clinically and statistically heterogeneous in design. Only two studies focused on resistance training alone, all the other trials had some other component of exercise therapy along with resistance training in their interventions. All but one failed to report statistically significant improvement in levels of fatigue following resistance training. No standardised outcome measures were used across the trials. No one specifically targeted resistance exercise program was more successful than others. No evidence of any deleterious effects of resistance training was described in any of the included trials. In general, resistance training interventions alone were unrewarding and the data insufficient to prove its efficacy. Conclusions: The results of the review suggest that resistance training can be beneficial for people with MS. The absolute and relative efficacy and tolerability of resistance training alone in MS are poorly documented and thus no recommendations can be made to guide prescribing. Implications: Future research in rehabilitation should include standardised, well validated MS specific measures of fatigue and quality of life with a focus on improving methodological and scientific rigour of clinical trials. In addition these trials should also account for types of MS, experimental dose and sufficient disparity between exercise and control groups.