Background and aims: Epidemiological association studies have reported inconsistent findings on the relationship between carbohydrate intake and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, we aimed to conduct the first dose-response meta-analysis to investigate this effect. Methods and resul...

Aim: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate restriction on glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL for the period between 1976 and April 2018. We included randomized controlled trials comparing carbo...

Recent years, it is a highly debated topic that whether methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and A1298C polymorphism could increase susceptibility to venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the Asian and Caucasian. Therefore, we expect to settle that controversy evidentially. Ba...

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the effects of school-based interventions on heart healthy eating behaviors of fourth and fifth grade students. The overall effect size (d value) across 12 studies was .24. The 95% confidence interval ranged from .174 to .301. It can be concluded ...

Background: Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has shown that vitamin D plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications (DMI). Several potentially functional polymorphisms (ApaI, BsmI, FokI and TaqI) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have be...

What is known and objective: Limited data are available for the comparison between different non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) on clinical outcomes. We aimed to provide evidence of different NOACs for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods: Electronic...

Background: Athletes may complete consecutive exercise sessions with limited recovery time between bouts (e.g. ≤ 4 h). Nutritional strategies that optimise post-exercise recovery in these situations are therefore important. Objective: This two-part review investigated the effect of consuming c...

Background: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic dysfunction of mineral and bone metabolism in people with CKD. Recent research shows that phosphate retention plays a significant role in the development of CKD-MBD. Compared with drug therapies, dietary interven...

Background: Failure to use the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in patients with acute pancreatitis may exacerbate the stress response and disease severity, leading to greater incidence of complications and prolonged hospitalization. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum route for...

Background and aim: Several epidemiological studies have reported the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A literature search of the observational studies, published as original articles in English before December 2015, was performed using electronic databases. ...